This is my script to create mesh:
                                       
#!/bin/bash

# Bring down the interface
sudo ip link set wlxe8de271f11cd down
sleep 2

# Clear any existing IP addresses
sudo ip addr flush dev wlxe8de271f11cd
sleep 2

# Create the mesh interface
sudo iw dev wlxe8de271f11cd interface add mesh1 type mp
sleep 2

# Bring up the mesh interface
sudo ip link set mesh1 up
sleep 2

# Join the mesh network
sudo iw dev mesh1 mesh join mymesh
sleep 2

# Assign an IP address to the mesh interface
sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev mesh1

Please post the output of lspci and lsusb.

As you can see, I used three different wireless cards to create a mesh. However, they do not work.
First, I added rtw8821cu to backport and it work properly. But, when I intend to create a wireless mesh network, I have faced with the error. Then, when I try to create a mesh with original backport 5.13, 5.14, and 5.15, it does not work.

It is worth mentioning that I can create mesh in backport 5.11. but, my problem is with backport 5.13-5.15.

Also, this is the result of lspci and lsusb.

Thanks.

root@mosi:/home/mosi/Desktop# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82Q35 Express DRAM Controller (rev 02)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82Q35 Express PCI Express Root Port (rev 02)
00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82566DM-2 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 02)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 02)
00:1a.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 02)
00:1a.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 02)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 92)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801IO (ICH9DO) LPC Interface Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801IR/IO/IH (ICH9R/DO/DH) 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RV710 [Radeon HD 4550]
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: National Semiconductor Corporation DP83815 (MacPhyter) Ethernet Controller
03:02.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR922X Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01)


root@mosi:/home/mosi/Desktop# lsusb
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 0cf3:9271 Atheros Communications, Inc. AR9271 802.11n
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 003: ID 046d:c016 Logitech, Inc. Optical Wheel Mouse
Bus 006 Device 002: ID 04f2:0112 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd KU-8933 Keyboard with PS/2 Mouse port
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0bda:c811 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. 
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub

Also, I have tried with kernel 5.4 and 5.15. But, results were the same.

Thanks.

Make sure wpa_supplicant is not running, if it doesn't help

Please try asking here: https://github.com/o11s/open80211s/issues

Thank you for your response.
I submitted the bug in the github. 
Also:
1- I have tried with and without wpa_supplicant, but the result is the same.
2- I used batman, but the result was the same.
3- I checked, nl80211_set_interface in nl80211.c. I understand that the command comes from "struct genl_info *info" and "iw" has a problem and do not set properly. Therefore, the cause of problem could not be from backport. Then, I focus on ubuntu. Therefore, I have tried to create mesh by ubuntu 18.04, 20.04, and 22.04 LTS:
1- Similar to my try on backport 5.11 on ubuntu 18.04, I could create mesh network. As you know, the kernel version of 18.04 is 4.
2- I could not create mesh network on ubuntu 20.04 with kernel 5.15 and ubuntu 22.04 with kernel 6.5. I get the same error "command failed: operation not supported (-95)".

I am still trying. I will be grateful if you help me to fixed the problem.

Thanks.
Mostafa