readdir_r should never be used because there is no way to specify the size of the buffer. Due to that, glibc will ensure the name is at most 255 characters long, and fail with an error of ENAMETOOLONG if a longer name is encountered. Before we had the ENAMETOOLONG error, the example code in the manual page (I'm looking at the 3.81 version) would have introduced a buffer overflow.
I've made suitable changes to the man page, as discussed on linux-man@.